Brain Disease Associated with Thiamine Deficiency
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a serious brain disease that develops due to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency and is associated with alcoholism. It is known that this syndrome, which includes two different clinical pictures, can lead to irreversible brain damage if not diagnosed and treated early.
Wernicke Encephalopathy
It causes damage to the brain, especially in the thalamus and hypothalamus regions. The main symptoms seen at this stage can be listed as visual disturbances, balance problems and mental confusion.
Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome are considered different stages of the same disorder
Korsakoff Syndrome
Untreated cases of Wernicke encephalopathy progress to Korsakoff syndrome, where memory loss and cognitive decline are prominent. At this stage, individuals experience severe difficulties in learning and remembering new information.
How Is It Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually based on the patient’s medical history, especially alcohol use and nutritional status. Brain imaging techniques (MRI) may be helpful in some cases, but the neurological symptoms observed are more important for a definitive diagnosis. In addition, a blood test to measure thiamine levels may help in the diagnosis.
In patients who progress to Korsakoff syndrome, the symptoms become more permanent
Quitting alcohol consumption
To prevent the syndrome from progressing, alcohol consumption should be stopped completely. Because the effects of Korsakoff syndrome are not fully reversible, patients may require long-term cognitive and physical rehabilitation.
The Importance of Early Intervention
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a life-threatening condition, especially in individuals who consume alcohol. Therefore, it is important to seek medical help immediately when thiamine deficiency symptoms are noticed at an early stage. If treatment is started early, most patients can regain their health.
